Your shopping cart is empty!
<< Accounting Information System 1st Edition by Vernon Richardson -Test Bank | Alexanders Care Of the Patient in Surgery 14th Edition Rothrock Test Bank >> |
chapter 2
Name: __________________________ Date: _____________
1. | The cerebellum contains _____ of all the neurons in the adult human brain. | |
A) | 20% | |
B) | 50% | |
C) | 10% | |
D) | 80% |
2. | Neural agenesis refers to: | |
A) | an injury to a brain structure. | |
B) | the degeneration of a structure. | |
C) | the failure of a structure to develop. | |
D) | the creation of a brain structure. |
3. | If a tree falls in the forest, does it make a sound if no one is present? | |
A) | Yes, because sound is a physical phenomenon. | |
B) | Yes, because if you record the noise and play it again later you will hear it. | |
C) | No, because sound is a fabrication of your brain. | |
D) | This is an unanswerable philosophical question. |
4. | Phenotypic plasticity refers to: | |
A) | how an organisms genotype can be influenced by environmental factors. | |
B) | how an organisms genetics can be influenced by its nervous system. | |
C) | the study of nervous system plasticity. | |
D) | None of the answers is correct. |
5. | The CNS includes the _____, whereas the PNS includes the _____. | |
A) | brain and autonomic nervous system; spinal cord and somatic nervous system | |
B) | spinal cord and autonomic nervous system; brain and somatic nervous system | |
C) | spinal cord and brain; autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system | |
D) | somatic nervous system and brain; spinal cord and autonomic nervous system |
6. | The somatic nervous system includes the _____, whereas the autonomic nervous system includes the _____. | |
A) | sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions; cranial nerves and spinal nerves | |
B) | brain and spinal cord; cranial nerves and spinal nerves | |
C) | sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions; brain and spinal cord | |
D) | cranial nerves and spinal nerves; sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions |
7. | The subdivision of the nervous system that controls the gut is called the: | |
A) | somatic nervous system. | |
B) | enteric nervous system. | |
C) | digestive nervous system. | |
D) | autonomic nervous system. |
8. | The term afferent refers to _____ signals. | |
A) | incoming | |
B) | outgoing | |
C) | different | |
D) | similar |
9. | Efferent is to afferent as: | |
A) | brain is to spinal cord. | |
B) | sensory is to motor. | |
C) | motor is to sensory. | |
D) | incoming is to outgoing. |
10. | Afferent is to efferent as: | |
A) | out is to in. | |
B) | top is to bottom. | |
C) | in is to out. | |
D) | bottom is to top. |
11. | Moving from superficial layers to deep layers, in what order are the meninges found? | |
A) | dura mater, arachnoid layer, pia mater | |
B) | pia mater, arachnoid layer, dura mater | |
C) | dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid layer | |
D) | pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid layer |
12. | Brain nomenclature can be very confusing. This is because: | |
A) | many structures have several names. | |
B) | research on brain includes scientists of many nationalities and languages | |
C) | some structures were named by numbers. | |
D) | All of the answers are correct. |
13. | Structures atop the brain or a structure within the brain are_____: | |
A) | lateral. | |
B) | ventral. | |
C) | medial. | |
D) | dorsal. |
14. | The ventral portion of a structure is sometimes called: | |
A) | superior. | |
B) | inferior. | |
C) | dorsal. | |
D) | medial. |
15. | Rostral is to caudal as: | |
A) | superior is to inferior. | |
B) | dorsal is to ventral. | |
C) | medial is to lateral. | |
D) | anterior is to posterior. |
16. | Coronal section is to horizontal section as: | |
A) | frontal view is to dorsal view. | |
B) | medial view is to frontal view. | |
C) | frontal view is to medial view. | |
D) | dorsal view is to medial view. |
17. | What best characterizes the composition of cerebrospinal fluid? | |
A) | sodium chloride and other salts | |
B) | essential amino acids | |
C) | glucocorticoids | |
D) | simple sugars and small lipids |
18. | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows between: | |
A) | the arachnoid layer and pia mater. | |
B) | the dura mater and pia mater. | |
C) | the dura mater and arachnoid layer. | |
D) | the superficial layer and deep layer. |
19. | The functions of the temporal lobes lie mainly in: | |
A) | decision making. | |
B) | hearing, language, and music. | |
C) | sensory processing and directing movements toward objects. | |
D) | vision. |
20. | Following a brain injury Greg has difficulty in understanding language and music. He is most likely to have suffered damage to his: | |
A) | frontal lobe. | |
B) | temporal lobe. | |
C) | occipital lobe. | |
D) | parietal lobe. |
21. | The frontal lobes are responsible for controlling: | |
A) | decision making. | |
B) | hearing, language, and music. | |
C) | vision. | |
D) | sensory processing and directing movements toward objects. |
22. | Following a brain injury Suzanne experiences difficulty with problem solving and decision making. She is most likely to have suffered an injury to her: | |
A) | parietal lobe. | |
B) | occipital lobe. | |
C) | frontal lobe. | |
D) | temporal lobe. |
23. | The parietal lobes primarily control: | |
A) | vision. | |
B) | hearing, language, and music. | |
C) | decision making. | |
D) | sensory processing and directing movements toward objects. |
24. | Following a recent stroke Jim experiences difficulty with directing movements toward objects. The stroke is most likely to have occurred in his: | |
A) | frontal lobe. | |
B) | temporal lobe. | |
C) | occipital lobe. | |
D) | parietal lobe. |
25. | The occipital lobes are responsible for: | |
A) | sensory processing and directing movements toward objects. | |
B) | decision making. | |
C) | visual processing. | |
D) | hearing, language, and music. |
26. | During a recent car accident Allison suffered a brain injury that left her blind even though her eyes are working fine. She is most likely to have suffered damage to her: | |
A) | occipital lobe. | |
B) | frontal lobe. | |
C) | temporal lobe. | |
D) | parietal lobe. |
27. | Sulci are: | |
A) | found only in the cerebellum. | |
B) | found only in the cerebrum. | |
C) | the cracks between the bumps on the brain. | |
D) | the bumps on the surface of the brain. |
28. | Gyri are: | |
A) | bumps on the surface of the cortex. | |
B) | cracks on the surface of the cortex. | |
C) | deformities on the surface of the cortex. | |
D) | only found in the spinal cord. |
29. | Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with meningitis? | |
A) | severe headache | |
B) | stiff neck | |
C) | aggressiveness | |
D) | convulsions |
30. | Sulcus is to gyrus as: | |
A) | crack is to bump. | |
B) | bump is to crack. | |
C) | ridge is to mountain. | |
D) | crack is to crevasse. |
31. | The symptoms of the sleeping sickness that arose during World War I are caused by lesions to the: | |
A) | putamen. | |
B) | globus pallidus. | |
C) | substantia nigra. | |
D) | amygdala. |
32. | Which of the following arteries does NOT act as a major supplier to the cerebrum? | |
A) | anterior | |
B) | superior | |
C) | middle | |
D) | posterior |
33. | The artery that provides blood to the lateral, temporal, and frontal lobes is the _____ cerebral artery. | |
A) | anterior | |
B) | middle | |
C) | posterior | |
D) | inferior |
34. | The artery that provides blood to the occipital lobes is the _____ cerebral artery. | |
A) | anterior | |
B) | middle | |
C) | posterior | |
D) | inferior |
35. | A disruption of the blood supply to a brain region causes: | |
A) | meningitis. | |
B) | encephalitis. | |
C) | a stroke. | |
D) | cerebral agenesis. |
36. | _____ is mainly composed of cell bodies and capillaries. | |
A) | Reticular matter | |
B) | Gray matter | |
C) | The corpus callosum | |
D) | White matter |
37. | _____ is(are) mainly composed of nerve fibers with fatty coverings. | |
A) | Cerebral aqueducts | |
B) | Ventricles | |
C) | White matter | |
D) | Gray matter |
38. | CSF is made in: | |
A) | the pia mater. | |
B) | the dura mater. | |
C) | the ventricles. | |
D) | the arachnoid layer. |
39. | The large cavities inside the brain are known as: | |
A) | ventricles and are filled with CSF. | |
B) | ventricles and are filled with blood. | |
C) | the arachnoid layer and are filled with CSF. | |
D) | the arachnoid layer and are filled with blood. |
40. | What is the most unlikely function of CSF? | |
A) | aiding cell transmission in the brain | |
B) | acting as a shock absorber to the brain | |
C) | allowing certain compounds access | |
D) | helping the brain excrete metabolic wastes from the brain |
41. | Ischemic stroke is caused by: | |
A) | a clot. | |
B) | a broken blood vessel. | |
C) | meningitis. | |
D) | encephalitis. |
42. | A hemorrhagic stroke is caused by: | |
A) | a blood clot. | |
B) | a ruptured blood vessel. | |
C) | an embolism. | |
D) | All of the answers are correct. |
43. | Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is effective for treating: | |
A) | ischemic stroke. | |
B) | hemorrhagic stroke. | |
C) | meningitis. | |
D) | All of the answers are correct. |
44. | When observing a sagittal brain section at the midline, what is the prominent feature composed of white matter? | |
A) | corpus callosum | |
B) | ventricles | |
C) | cingulate cortex | |
D) | hippocampus |
45. | Cutting the brain from front to back will give: | |
A) | a coronal view. | |
B) | a frontal view. | |
C) | a horizontal view. | |
D) | a sagittal view. |
46. | According to Descartes, the seat of the mind was located in the: | |
A) | frontal lobes. | |
B) | thalamus. | |
C) | pineal gland. | |
D) | temporal lobes. |
47. | The role of glial cells is primarily: | |
A) | to carry out information processing in the brain. | |
B) | to send signals from one brain region to another. | |
C) | to modulate the activity of neurons. | |
D) | to process sensory input. |
48. | CNS is to PNS as: | |
A) | neuron is to glia. | |
B) | gray matter is to white matter. | |
C) | nerve is to tract. | |
D) | tract is to nerve. |
49. | The prosencephalon is sometimes referred to as: | |
A) | the hindbrain. | |
B) | the middle brain. | |
C) | the auxiliary brain. | |
D) | the front brain. |
50. | In the human brain the basal ganglia, limbic system, and olfactory bulbs are considered part of the: | |
A) | telencephalon. | |
B) | metencephalon. | |
C) | diencephalon. | |
D) | mesencephalon. |
51. | In the human brain the mesencephalon contains: | |
A) | the neocortex. | |
B) | cerebellum. | |
C) | tectum and tegmentum. | |
D) | medulla. |
52. | The thalamus and hypothalamus are considered part of the: | |
A) | myelencephalon. | |
B) | telencephalon. | |
C) | metencephalon. | |
D) | diencephalon. |
53. | Which of the following structures is NOT part of the metencephalon? | |
A) | the cerebellum | |
B) | the pons | |
C) | the medulla | |
D) | None of the answers is correct. |
54. | Which of the following is NOT part of the hindbrain? | |
A) | the pons | |
B) | the tegmentum | |
C) | the reticular formation | |
D) | the medulla oblongata |
55. | Awakening from sleep is a function of: | |
A) | the pons. | |
B) | the medulla. | |
C) | the cerebellum. | |
D) | the reticular formation. |
56. | The reticular formation is primarily made up of: | |
A) | gray matter only. | |
B) | white matter only. | |
C) | gray matter and white matter. | |
D) | None of the answers is correct. |
57. | The primary function of the cerebellum is: | |
A) | control of sleeping and waking. | |
B) | control of movement. | |
C) | control of heart rate and respiration. | |
D) | sensory processing. |
58. | Orienting responses (e.g., turning your head to locate the source of a sound) are controlled by: | |
A) | the pons. | |
B) | the superior and inferior colliculi. | |
C) | the cerebellum. | |
D) | the diencephalon. |
59. | The red nucleus, substantia nigra, and periaqueductal gray matter are parts of the: | |
A) | tectum. | |
B) | pons. | |
C) | tegmentum. | |
D) | reticular formation. |
60. | Regulation of breathing and the cardiovascular system is primarily controlled by: | |
A) | the pons. | |
B) | the reticular activating system. | |
C) | the medulla. | |
D) | the cerebellum. |
61. | What are the functions of the superior and inferior colliculi respectively? | |
A) | auditory and visual | |
B) | visual and auditory | |
C) | tactile and visual | |
D) | visual and tactile |
62. | Which of the following is part of the tegmentum? | |
A) | the tectum | |
B) | the substantia nigra | |
C) | the inferior colliculus | |
D) | the superior colliculus |
63. | The hypothalamus is NOT primarily involved in: | |
A) | motor movements. | |
B) | sleeping. | |
C) | emotional behavior. | |
D) | sensory input. |
64. | Sexual behavior is a primary function of: | |
A) | the thalamus. | |
B) | the hypothalamus. | |
C) | the gyrus fornicutus. | |
D) | the red nucleus. |
65. | The _____ acts as a sensory relay station for signals arriving from sensory receptors that are being sent to the cortex. | |
A) | pituitary | |
B) | pons | |
C) | hypothalamus | |
D) | thalamus |
66. | Thalamus is to hypothalamus as: | |
A) | sensory input is to body maintenance. | |
B) | body maintenance is to sensory input. | |
C) | sexual behavior is to sleeping. | |
D) | feeding is to endocrine function. |
67. | The lateral geniculate nucleus deals with: | |
A) | touch. | |
B) | hearing. | |
C) | olfaction. | |
D) | vision. |
68. | The primary function of the thalamus is: | |
A) | transmission of sensory inputs to the cortex. | |
B) | regulation of hormone function. | |
C) | regulation of sleeping and waking. | |
D) | control of orienting responses. |
69. | Which of the following is NOT part of the forebrain? | |
A) | the cortex | |
B) | the tectum | |
C) | the basal ganglia | |
D) | the limbic system |
70. | The basal ganglia primarily controls: | |
A) | decision making. | |
B) | voluntary movement. | |
C) | learning and memory. | |
D) | processing of sound. |
71. | Cognition is usually attributed to: | |
A) | the limbic cortex. | |
B) | the cingulate cortex. | |
C) | the neocortex. | |
D) | the parahippocampal cortex. |
72. | Deficits in processing basic visual information (e.g., luminance) are caused by damage to the: | |
A) | frontal lobe. | |
B) | parietal lobe. | |
C) | occipital lobe. | |
D) | temporal lobe. |
73. | A person who has trouble locating the source of stimulation on the skin most likely has damage to the: | |
A) | temporal lobe. | |
B) | parietal lobe. | |
C) | occipital lobe. | |
D) | frontal lobe. |
74. | Trouble recognizing sounds is most commonly associated with damage to the: | |
A) | parietal lobe. | |
B) | frontal lobe. | |
C) | occipital lobe. | |
D) | temporal lobe. |
75. | Following a brain injury Steven has trouble organizing himself and has difficulty formulating plans to accomplish goals. Steven is most likely to have damaged his: | |
A) | frontal lobe. | |
B) | temporal lobe. | |
C) | parietal lobe. | |
D) | occipital lobe. |
76. | Six layers of gray matter on top of a layer of white matter would describe: | |
A) | the limbic cortex. | |
B) | the basal ganglia. | |
C) | the neocortex. | |
D) | the cingulate cortex. |
77. | Cortical regions: | |
A) | have the same density of cell layers. | |
B) | have different specific chemical characteristics. | |
C) | when stained look the same across the various areas. | |
D) | have very specific functions and rarely interrelate. |
78. | Motor output signals are sent through layer(s) _____ of the cortex. | |
A) | V and VI | |
B) | I to III | |
C) | IV | |
D) | II |
79. | Integrative functions are processed by layer(s) _____ of the cortex. | |
A) | V and VI | |
B) | I to III | |
C) | IV | |
D) | All of the answers are correct. |
80. | Sensory inputs are transmitted through layer(s) _____ of the cortex. | |
A) | I to III | |
B) | V and VI | |
C) | IV | |
D) | All of the answers are correct. |
81. | Memory and emotion are processed by the: | |
A) | limbic system. | |
B) | basal ganglia. | |
C) | thalamus. | |
D) | parietal lobe. |
82. | The caudate nucleus and the putamen are part of the: | |
A) | basal ganglia. | |
B) | limbic system. | |
C) | olfactory system. | |
D) | hindbrain. |
83. | Parkinson disease and Tourette syndrome are neurological diseases associated with the: | |
A) | cerebellum. | |
B) | frontal lobes. | |
C) | basal ganglia. | |
D) | thalamus. |
84. | The hippocampus and the amygdala are part of the: | |
A) | basal ganglia. | |
B) | limbic system. | |
C) | olfactory system. | |
D) | hindbrain. |
85. | The hippocampus and the cingulate cortex participate in performing _____ functions. | |
A) | digestive | |
B) | problem solving | |
C) | sexual | |
D) | memory |
86. | Which of the following structures is NOT part of the limbic system? | |
A) | hippocampus | |
B) | amygdala | |
C) | cingulate cortex | |
D) | putamen |
87. | Removal of the amygdala in cats leads to: | |
A) | changes in temperature regulation. | |
B) | sleep disruption. | |
C) | emotional changes. | |
D) | motor disruption. |
88. | There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves. | |
A) | 12 | |
B) | 24 | |
C) | 16 | |
D) | 8 |
89. | Sensory and motor signals from the head and neck travel through: | |
A) | lumbar sections of the spinal cord. | |
B) | sacral portions of the spinal cord. | |
C) | the cranial nerves. | |
D) | thoracic sections of the spinal cord. |
90. | Sensory and motor signals to the arms are sent through _____ sections of the spinal cord. | |
A) | sacral | |
B) | thoracic | |
C) | lumbar | |
D) | cervical |
91. | Sensory and motor signals from the head and neck are sent to _____ sections of the spinal cord. | |
A) | thoracic | |
B) | sacral | |
C) | lumbar | |
D) | None of the answers is correct. |
92. | Dermatomes are associated with the: | |
A) | peripheral nervous system | |
B) | spinal nervous system. | |
C) | autonomic nervous system. | |
D) | cranial nervous system. |
93. | The law of Bell and Magendie states that the: | |
A) | dorsal spinal cord is motor and the ventral is sensory. | |
B) | medial spinal cord is motor and the lateral is sensory. | |
C) | dorsal spinal cord is sensory and the ventral is motor. | |
D) | medial spinal cord is sensory and the lateral is motor. |
94. | Motor output from the spinal cord travels via the: | |
A) | dorsal spinal cord. | |
B) | ventral spinal cord. | |
C) | medial spinal cord. | |
D) | lateral spinal cord. |
95. | Sensory input to the spinal cord travels via the: | |
A) | dorsal spinal cord. | |
B) | ventral spinal cord. | |
C) | medial spinal cord. | |
D) | lateral spinal cord. |
96. | Increases in heart rate and inhibition of digestion are controlled by the: | |
A) | sympathetic nervous system. | |
B) | parasympathetic nervous system. | |
C) | spinal nervous system. | |
D) | cranial nervous system. |
97. | The _____ nervous system works to help us rest and digest, whereas the _____ nervous system helps initiate fight-or-flight responses. | |
A) | sympathetic; parasympathetic | |
B) | sympathetic; spinal | |
C) | parasympathetic; sympathetic | |
D) | somatic; parasympathetic |
98. | The vagus, facial, and oculomotor nerves are the primary components of the: | |
A) | cranial nervous system. | |
B) | sympathetic nervous system. | |
C) | the parasympathetic nervous system. | |
D) | spinal nervous system. |
99. | The _____ contains a sheet of neurons lining the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon. | |
A) | enteric nervous system (ENS) | |
B) | autonomic nervous system (ANS) | |
C) | somatic nervous system (SNS) | |
D) | central nervous system (CNS) |
100. | Language control is usually situated in the: | |
A) | same place on both hemispheres. | |
B) | different locations on each hemisphere. | |
C) | right hemisphere. | |
D) | left hemisphere. |
101. | The left hemisphere primarily controls functions on the _____ side of the body. | |
A) | contralateral | |
B) | left | |
C) | ipsilateral | |
D) | None of the answers is correct. |
102. | Spatial navigation is controlled by _____ of the brain. | |
A) | the left hemisphere | |
B) | both hemispheres | |
C) | the right hemisphere | |
D) | None of the answers is correct. |
103. | The brain appears to have: | |
A) | mainly serial or hierarchical systems. | |
B) | mainly parallel systems. | |
C) | a combination of serial and parallel systems. | |
D) | parallel systems at lower levels and serial processing farther up. |
104. | The notion of segregation of sensory and motor functions in the nervous system was postulated by: | |
A) | Franois Magendie and David Bell. | |
B) | David Hubel. | |
C) | John Hughlings Jackson. | |
D) | Nige Toretle. |
105. | Memory seems to be located: | |
A) | in the cingulate gyrus. | |
B) | in the hippocampus. | |
C) | throughout the brain. | |
D) | primarily in the temporal lobes. |
106. | Changes in balance between excitation and inhibition account for symptoms in: | |
A) | Tourette syndrome. | |
B) | Parkinson disease. | |
C) | stroke. | |
D) | both Tourette syndrome and Parkinson disease. |
107. | What are the major functions of the cerebellum? |
108. | Identify the brains primary functions. |
109. | Define the terms afferent and efferent. |
Once the order is placed, the order will be delivered to your email less than 24 hours, mostly within 4 hours.
If you have questions, you can contact us here