Computers Are Your Future 12th Edition by Catherine Laberta test bank

Computers Are Your Future 12th Edition by Catherine Laberta test bank

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Computers Are Your Future, 12e (LaBerta)
Chapter 11 Programming Languages and Program Development

1) Which of the following is the process used to create software applications?
A) Algorithms
B) Pseudocoding
C) Programming
D) Debugging
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: Chapter Introduction

2) Software applications are developed by trained experts known as:
A) programmers.
B) coders.
C) analysts.
D) debuggers.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Reference: Chapter Introduction

3) The artificial language created to tell the computer what to do in a step-by-step manner is known as:
A) codification.
B) heuristics.
C) programming language.
D) development language.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: Chapter Introduction

4) Program instructions in their original form as written by the programmer are known as:
A) flowcharts.
B) heuristics.
C) object code.
D) source code.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Reference: Compilers and Interpreters

5) The written computer instructions that programmers create are called:
A) blocks.
B) object modules.
C) code.
D) heuristics.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Reference: Compilers and Interpreters
6) Which of the following types of language is representative of the first generation of programming languages?
A) Assembly
B) Machine
C) Procedural
D) Object-oriented
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Reference: First-Generation Languages (1GL): 0S and 1S

7) Machine language is said to be machine dependent because it is dependent on the:
A) version of memory.
B) hard drive.
C) processor.
D) source code.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: First-Generation Languages (1GL): 0S and 1S

8) In assembly language, each program statement corresponds to a(n):
A) object.
B) instruction.
C) program.
D) control structure.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Reference: Second-Generation Languages (2GL): Using Mnemonics

9) Which of the following is the first step toward a true natural language interface?
A) Control classes
B) Continuous speech recognition
C) Mnemonics
D) Fast compilers
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Reference: Second-Generation Languages (2GL): Using Mnemonics

10) Which of the following is NOT a general feature of third-generation procedural languages?
A) They are translated into machine language by tools such as compilers and interpreters.
B) Their use frees programmers from needing to know all the details of how the computer processes data.
C) They use familiar English words such as PRINT or IF.
D) The programmer describes what he or she wishes to accomplish, and the language automatically generates code to accomplish the task.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age
11) When the compiler translates code, it:
A) determines the number of lines of code.
B) checks for the programmer identification.
C) translates source code into object code.
D) calculates the amount of disk space.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: Compilers and Interpreters

12) An interpreter translates code ________ at a time.
A) one module
B) one line
C) one block
D) all lines
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Reference: Compilers and Interpreters

13) Which of the following is the best definition of spaghetti code?
A) It is code characterized by loops in which blocks of code repeat.
B) It is code containing many GOTO statements that cause unconditional jumps from one section of code to another.
C) It is code containing many IF statements in which different statements are executed, depending on the state of the data.
D) It is the term for an inefficient program, often written by a novice programmer.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

14) Which of the following types of programming uses a set of quality standards that make programs more readable and maintainable?
A) Low-level
B) Unstructured
C) Algorithmic
D) Structured
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

15) Which of the following is the purpose of information hiding in software development?
A) It protects source code from the eyes of competitors.
B) It frees the programmer from dealing with hardware issues such as memory management.
C) It allows one programmer to use a module written by another without having to be concerned with its inner details.
D) It prevents data from being inadvertently destroyed during execution of a program.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age
16) With modular programming, each module requires a specific ________ and produces a specific ________.
A) output; input
B) input; output
C) input; workflow
D) workflow; output
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

17) Structured query language (SQL) used in conjunction with databases is often used as an example of a ________-generation language.
A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Reference: Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL): Getting Away From Procedure

18) Which of the following types of languages are NOT tied down to step-by-step procedures?
A) Low-level
B) Nonregulatory
C) Nonprocedural
D) Evolved
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Reference: Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL): Getting Away From Procedure

19) Which of the following programming languages is NOT one of todays most popular programming languages?
A) PHP
B) Fortran
C) Visual Basic
D) Java
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

20) Much of what passes for ________ language interface is simply word matching.
A) natural
B) high-level
C) procedural
D) object
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Reference: Fifth-Generation Languages: Natural Language
21) The procedures contained within an object are also called:
A) object code.
B) source code.
C) methods.
D) mnemonics.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

22) With object-oriented programming, information hiding is also known as:
A) conversion.
B) encapsulation.
C) translation.
D) inheritance.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

23) An important feature of object-oriented programming is the concept of ________, a category of objects.
A) module
B) capsules
C) class
D) methods
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

24) Assume you developed a programming class to represent computers. Classes that represent specialized types of printers, such as Acer or Dell, would be called:
A) objects.
B) control classes.
C) subclasses.
D) super classes.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

25) When using the class programming construct, a(n) ________ inherits data and functions from its parent class.
A) subclass
B) object
C) nested
D) super class
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming
26) The term middleware refers to:
A) rapid application development techniques.
B) programs written in fourth-generation languages.
C) software that makes the connection between varied applications working on multiple platforms.
D) object-oriented databases that store both data and procedures to manipulate the data.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

27) Middleware is integral to modern information technology regarding all of the following EXCEPT:
A) XML.
B) service-oriented architecture.
C) Web services.
D) interface and coding relationships.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

28) Which of the following is NOT true about Visual Basic?
A) Developing a user interface is the first step in Visual Basic program development.
B) It is an event-driven programming language.
C) Its code executes in response to user actions.
D) It should not be used by novice programmers.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

29) ________ is a high-level programming language, which combines the virtues of high-level programming languages with the efficiency of an assembly language.
A) Fortran
B) C
C) C++
D) Visual Basic
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

30) ________ is an open source object-oriented programming language, which was released in 1995.
A) Ajax
B) Ruby
C) PHP
D) XML
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Reference: Object-Oriented Languages

31) Which of the programming languages is one of the earliest and at one time, was the most widely used business programming language in the world?
A) Visual Basic
B) C++
C) COBOL
D) Java
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: COBOL and Fortran: Historically Important

32) Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Java programming language?
A) Java includes miniprograms called applets that are made available through a network or over the Internet.
B) A program written in Java can be executed on any type of computer that has installed the Java Virtual Machine software.
C) Java programs execute much faster than those written in languages such as C or C++.
D) The Java language enables programmers to create programs that write once, run everywhere.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Reference: Object-Oriented Languages

33) A markup language uses ________ to define the structure of the text.
A) tags
B) elements
C) mnemonics
D) control structures
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

34) HTML is written in:
A) pseudocode.
B) plain text.
C) JavaScript.
D) C++.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Reference: Web-Based Languages

35) Which of the following markup languages is used for sharing data and complex forms in a Web-based environment?
A) Visual Studio.NET
B) HTML
C) Active
D) XML
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Reference: Web-Based Languages
36) How many phases exist in the program development life cycle?
A) Three
B) Four
C) Five
D) Six
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Reference: The Program Development Life Cycle

37) The last phase of the program development life cycle is concerned with:
A) documentation.
B) coding.
C) designing the solution.
D) implementation and maintenance.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Reference: PDLC Phase 6: Implementing and Maintaining the Program

38) In ________ program design, a program is designed by focusing on the main goal to be achieved and then breaking up the program into manageable components.
A) object-oriented
B) algorithmic
C) control structure
D) top-down
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Reference: PDLC Phase 2: Designing the Program

39) Program documentation might include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) descriptions of error messages.
B) reference documentation of program commands.
C) object code.
D) tutorials for new users.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 5: Documenting the Program

40) ________ programming language encapsulate information and increase code security by defining objects, as well as their components, and actions.
A) Web-based
B) Object-oriented
C) Structured query
D) Report generator
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

41) The vocabulary and set of rules that a programmer must learn and follow is ________.
Answer: syntax
Diff: 1
Reference: Programming Languages and How They Work
42) Machine language consists of ________ numbers, 1s and 0s, that directly correspond to the computers electrical states.
Answer: binary
Diff: 1
Reference: First-Generation Languages (1GL): 0S and 1S

43) An easy-to-recognize abbreviation, such as MOV or ADD, used in assembly language is called a(n) ________.
Answer: mnemonic
Diff: 2
Reference: Second-Generation Languages (2GL): Using Mnemonics

44) One level up from a computers machine language is called a(n) ________-level language.
Answer: low
Diff: 2
Reference: Second-Generation Languages (2GL): Using Mnemonics

45) ________-level languages eliminate the need for programmers to understand the intimate details of how the computer processes data.
Answer: High
Diff: 2
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

46) The programming specifications that are created in Java and used to create reusable, platform-independent Java components are called ________.
Answer: javabeans
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Languages

47) The ultimate nonprocedural language would be ________ language, the everyday language that people speak.
Answer: natural
Diff: 1
Reference: Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL): Getting Away From Procedure

48) The Microsoft middleware product is called ________.
Answer: .NET
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

49) Object-oriented programming enables a fast method of program development called ________ application development (RAD).
Answer: rapid
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

50) A(n) ________ language, such as English, is considered the fifth generation of programming languages.
Answer: natural
Diff: 2
Reference: Fifth-Generation Languages: Natural Language
51) One of the earliest high-level programming languages, ________ was used primarily for business applications.
Answer: COBOL
Diff: 2
Reference: COBOL and Fortran: Historically Important

52) The ________ language was used heavily until the mid-1990s as the language of choice for the Department of Defense.
Answer: Ada
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

53) WML is an acronym that stands for ________ Markup Language.
Answer: Wireless
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

54) Simple programs that control action or feedback on Web pages are ________.
Answer: scripts
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

55) ________ is a programming language developed by AT&Ts Bell Labs in the 1970s that combines features of both high- and low-level languages.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

56) A general purpose, server-side, open source, cross-platform scripting language used primarily to make dynamic Web sites is known by the acronym ________.
Answer: PHP
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

57) ________, short for JavaScript Object Notation, is a text-based, human-readable technique for representing simple data structures and objects.
Answer: JSON
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

58) Standardizing HTML and XHTML, as well as forcing the separation of content from formatting, is the responsibility of the World Wide Web Consortium, which is known by the acronym ________.
Answer: W3C
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

59) IF-THEN-ELSE and DO-WHILE are examples of programming ________ structures.
Answer: control
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 2: Designing the Program
60) Syntax and logic errors are collectively known as ________.
Answer: bugs.
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 4: Testing and Debugging the Program

61) The process of eliminating logic and syntax errors is known as ________.
Answer: debugging.
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 4: Testing and Debugging the Program

62) A(n) ________ error is a mistake the programmer makes in designing the solution to a problem.
Answer: logic
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 4: Testing and Debugging the Program

63) ________ Modeling Language (UML) is an open method used to illustrate and document the components of an object-oriented software system under development.
Answer: Unified
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 2: Designing the Program

64) A stylized form of writing that is used to describe a programs logic is called ________.
Answer: pseudocode
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 2: Designing the Program

65) Visual Basic uses the ________-driven programming language in which code modules are written to execute in response to user actions.
Answer: event
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

66) WML is a specialized form of XML used by wireless devices.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

67) Inheritance refers to an objects capacity to replicate itself.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

68) Machine language consists of binary numbers-0s and 1s.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: First-Generation Languages (1GL): 0S and 1S

69) Procedural languages do NOT require the programmer to specify the steps in the program.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age
70) A compiler translates source code into object code.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

71) Report generators and query languages are examples of nonprocedural languages.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL): Getting Away From Procedure

72) Natural language is the everyday language that people speak.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL): Getting Away From Procedure

73) Object-oriented programming is a technique similar to structured programming.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

74) An object is the combination of data and methods.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

75) COBOL is the least used business programming language.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: COBOL and Fortran: Historically Important

76) BASIC is widely accepted as a teaching language in academia.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

77) Another term for information hiding is encapsulation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

78) Ada is an event-driven programming language.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

79) An event-driven programming language is designed to execute in response to user actions.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages
80) C is a language that combines the benefits of high-level programming languages with the efficiency of an assembly language.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

81) Agile methods encourage teamwork, self-organization, and accountability.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Languages

82) A programmer must write code that describes an object when using RAD.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Reference: Object-Oriented Languages

83) Java is considered to be an object-oriented, high-level, cross-platform programming language.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Reference: Object-Oriented Languages

84) Middleware is software that enables access to objects and queries them about what types of data they contain.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

85) Fortran is used to solve scientific, mathematical, and engineering problems.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: COBOL and Fortran: Historically Important

86) An algorithm is another term for detailed specification.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: PDLC Phase 2: Designing the Program

87) The program specification defines the detailed coding that is to take place.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Reference: PDLC Phase 1: Defining the Problem

88) An important feature of object-oriented programming is the concept of class.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

89) Joint application development is a development method that involves the end user in the planning stage.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming
90) Information hiding requires the author of one module to be aware of the details of other modules.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

Match the following programming language generations to their descriptions:

A) Includes report generators and query languages
B) A high-level language that includes familiar English words
C) Includes assembly language
D) Includes machine language
E) Includes natural language

91) First
Diff: 1
Reference: First-Generation Languages (1GL): 0S and 1S

92) Third
Diff: 1
Reference: Third-Generation Languages (3GL): Programming Comes of Age

93) Fifth
Diff: 1
Reference: Fifth-Generation Languages: Natural Language

94) Second
Diff: 1
Reference: Second-Generation Languages (2GL): Using Mnemonics

95) Fourth
Diff: 1
Reference: Fourth-Generation Languages (4GL): Getting Away From Procedure

Answers: 91) D 92) B 93) E 94) C 95) A

Match the following languages to their descriptions:

A) Used on Web pages
B) Recent cross-platform language
C) Suited for mathematical problem solving
D) Used for fast development of Windows applications
E) Used primarily by the Department of Defense

96) Ada
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

97) Java
Diff: 2
Reference: Object-Oriented Programming

98) Visual Basic
Diff: 2
Reference: Structured and Modular Languages

99) Fortran
Diff: 2
Reference: COBOL and Fortran: Historically Important

100) HTML
Diff: 2
Reference: Web-Based Languages

Answers: 96) E 97) B 98) D 99) C 100) A

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