Concepts In Biology 14th Edition By Enger Test Bank

Concepts In Biology 14th Edition By Enger Test Bank

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COMPLETE TEST BANK WITH ANSWERS

Concepts In Biology 14th Edition By Enger Test Bank

 

Chapter 02

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. An atom that has gained electrons is a
   A.reactant.
   B. negative ion.
   C. positive ion.
   D. compound ion.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

2. An atom with twelve electrons, twelve protons, and fourteen neutrons has a mass number of
   A.fourteen.
   B. twenty-four.
   C. thirty-eight.
   D. twenty-six.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

3. A hydroxide ion has an oxygen atom
   A.only.
   B. and an extra electron.
   C. and a hydrogen atom, and an extra electron.
   D. and a hydrogen atom, and an extra proton.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

4. A negative charge is characteristic of a(n)
   A.positive ion.
   B. electron.
   C. neutron.
   D. proton.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

5. Solutions are always comprised of
   A.solvents and solute.
   B. liquids and solids.
   C. water and salts.
   D. compounds and ions.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Differentiate among solution, solvent, and solute.
Section: 02.07
Topic: Chemistry

 

6. The greatest amount of kinetic energy is found in
   A.gases.
   B. liquids.
   C. solids.
   D. colloids.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.03
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry

7. All chemical reactions
   A.involve the creation of new atoms.
   B. involve a change in chemical bonds.
   C. are dangerous.
   D. create energy.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

8. A covalent bond is
   A.the attraction that one atom has for another atom.
   B. the attraction between two atoms, formed by the sharing of electrons.
   C. formed between the positive charge of a hydrogen atom in one molecule and the negative charge of a nitrogen atom in another nearby molecule.
   D. the attraction between a positive ion and a negative ion.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

 

9. Protons = 7, neutrons = 10, electrons = 7. The mass number of this atom is
   A.seven.
   B. ten.
   C. fourteen.
   D. seventeen.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

10. An acid is a substance that, in solution, releases
    A.oxygen ions in H₂SO₄.
    B. hydrogen ions, for example, HCl.
    C. COOR ions from beer.
    D. chloride ions from NaCl.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

11. A particle in the atom that has neither a negative nor a positive electrical charge is the
    A.electron.
    B. element.
    C. isotope.
    D. neutron.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

12. In the expression C₆H₁₂O₆ 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂, the products are
    A.C₆H₁₂O₆.
    B. C₆H₁₂O₆ + zymase.
    C. zymase + 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂.
    D. 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

13. The correct symbol for a hydroxide ion is
    A.H.
    B. H⁺.
    C. (OH).
    D. (OH)⁺.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

14. Kinetic energy is best defined as
    A.the energy of position.
    B. the energy of electrical charge.
    C. the energy of motion.
    D. stored energy.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry

 

15. Which one of the following statements is false concerning matter?
    A.Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
    B. Air is matter.
    C. All matter has the same density.
    D. The phases of matter are determined by the relative amounts of energy in the matters molecules.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast matter and energy.
Section: 02.01
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

16. When two atoms share a pair of electrons, this type of chemical bond is
    A.ionic.
    B. covalent.
    C. hydrogen.
    D. negative-positive.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

17. Given that an unknown atoms mass number (AMU) is 27, its combination of particles could be
    A.27 electrons, 16 neutrons, 16 protons.
    B. 27 neutrons, 27 protons, 27 electrons.
    C. 15 neutrons, 12 electrons, 15 protons.
    D. 16 electrons, 11 neutrons, 16 protons.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

18. A base can be defined as
    A.a hydroxide ion acceptor.
    B. an attraction between a positive ion and a negative ion.
    C. a substance that gives up hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.
    D. a substance that gives up hydroxide groups in a solution.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

19. The smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element is a(n)
    A.atom.
    B. proton.
    C. electron.
    D. element.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

20. A chemical reactant is one that
    A.enters into a chemical reaction.
    B. is the newly formed molecule.
    C. is at a point when both sides of the equation are equal.
    D. during photosynthesis, is one molecule of sugar and six molecules of oxygen.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

 

21. An isotope is an atom of an element that varies in mass number due to variation in the number of
    A.atoms.
    B. protons.
    C. neutrons.
    D. electrons.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

22. A substance that is a solid
    A.contains a large amount of oxygen.
    B. contains molecules that are packed tightly together and vibrate in place.
    C. is bonded very tightly (covalent).
    D. contains a large amount of hydrogen bonds.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the differences among liquids, solids, and gases.
Section: 02.05
Topic: Chemistry

23. An atom that has lost electrons is a
    A.cation.
    B. neutral atom.
    C. molecule.
    D. anion.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

24. If a particular atom has 27 electrons, 27 protons, and 31 neutrons, its mass number would be
    A.52.
    B. 54.
    C. 56.
    D. 58.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

25. A solution that contains an excess of protons is(are)
    A.hydroxide ions.
    B. an acid.
    C. a base.
    D. the pH.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

26. AgNO₃ + NaCl AgCl + NaNO₃. The AgNO₃ in the equation is called a(n)
    A.reactant.
    B. acid.
    C. product.
    D. base.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

 

27. An isotope shows which of the following?
    A.A change in atomic number
    B. Inability to form compounds
    C. A change in mass number
    D. More electrons

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

28. A material composed of atoms vibrating in place
    A.has high kinetic energy and is a gas.
    B. has low kinetic energy and is a liquid.
    C. has low kinetic energy and is a solid.
    D. has high kinetic energy and is a solid.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry

29. Which of the following is a chemical reaction that is also known as digestion?
    A.phosphorylation
    B. dehydration synthesis
    C. acid-base
    D. hydrolysis

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the five types of chemical reactions associated with all living things.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

 

30. Which kind of chemical reaction involves the attachment or removal of a phosphate group?
    A.oxidation-reduction
    B. acid phosphorylation
    C. phosphorylation
    D. hydrolysis

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: List the five types of chemical reactions associated with all living things.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

31. Which of the following is an acid?
    A.K₂SO₄
    B. NaNO₃
    C. CaCO₃
    D. H₃PO₄

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

32. An atomic particle with a weight of one, and a positive electrical charge is a(n)
    A.electron.
    B. proton.
    C. neutron.
    D. isotope.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

33. 6CO₂ + 6H₂O C₆H₁₂O₂ + 6O₂. In this reaction O₂ is
    A.a reactant.
    B. a product.
    C. a reactant and a product.
    D. neither a reactant nor a product.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

34. One atom of sodium has a mass number of 22 units; another atom of sodium is 23 units. These two atoms are
    A.nonreactive.
    B. unstable.
    C. ions.
    D. isotopes.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

35. Which kind of attractive force holds two molecules together?
    A.ionic bond
    B. hydrogen bond
    C. covalent bond
    D. sticky bond

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Explain how atoms stick together to form compounds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

 

36. A solution with a high concentration of hydrogen ions could have a pH of
    A.2.
    B. 6.
    C. 9.
    D. 11.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

37. The attraction between a positively charged atom and a negatively charged atom within the same molecule is
    A.ionic bonding.
    B. hydrogen bonding.
    C. covalent bonding.
    D. ions.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

38. A scale used to indicate the strength of an acid or base is called a ____ scale.
    A.thermodynamic
    B. aquatic
    C. pH
    D. reduction

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

 

39. The part of an atom without a charge is a(n)
    A.ion.
    B. neutron.
    C. electron.
    D. molecule.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

40. Which of the following indicates reactant? C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ CO₂ + 6H₂O
    A.C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂
    B. H₂O
    C. CO₂
    D. None of the choices is correct.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

41. In the expression 2H₂S + 3O₂ 2H₂O + SO₂, which is the acid?
    A.H₂S
    B. O₂
    C. SO₂
    D. H₂O

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

 

42. An ion having eleven protons, twelve neutrons, and ten electrons will have a charge of
    A.+.
    B. -.
    C. ++.
    D. .

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Differentiate among atomic weight, atomic number, atomic mass, and mass number.
Section: 02.02
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

43. A list of all of the elements in order of increasing atomic number is called the
    A.pH.
    B. law of thermodynamics.
    C. phase of matter.
    D. periodic table.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the information found in the periodic table of the elements.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

44. The mass of a given volume of matter is expressed as
    A.weight.
    B. energy.
    C. density.
    D. gravity.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the differences among liquids, solids, and gases.
Section: 02.01
Section: 02.05
Topic: Chemistry

 

45. The reaction C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ CO₂ + 6H₂O is which type of chemical reaction?
    A.hydrolysis
    B. transfer
    C. dehydration synthesis
    D. oxidation-reduction

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

46. Which rule states that atoms attempt to acquire an outermost energy level with eight electrons through chemical reactions?
    A.octet
    B. atomic stability
    C. hybridization
    D. full energy level

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Describe the information found in the periodic table of the elements.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

47. A person jogging displays what kind of energy?
    A.potential
    B. kinetic
    C. nuclear
    D. sweat

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: List the five types of chemical reactions associated with all living things.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

 

48. HCl + NaOH NaCl + H₂O. This reaction is an example of a(n)
    A.oxidation/reduction reaction.
    B. hydrolysis reaction.
    C. phosphorylation reaction.
    D. acid-base reaction.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

49. The atomic number for carbon is 6. The isotope ¹⁴C has ____ neutrons.
    A.6
    B. 8
    C. 14
    D. 20

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

50. Given that an unknown atoms mass is 11, its combination of subatomic particles could be
    A.11 protons, 11 neutrons, and 11 electrons.
    B. 6 protons, 5 neutrons, and 11 electrons.
    C. 4 protons, 3 neutrons, and 4 electrons.
    D. 5 protons, 6 neutrons, and 5 electrons.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

51. One molecule of sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) contains ____ atoms.
    A.6
    B. 5
    C. 4
    D. 3

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

52. The statement that energy is never created or destroyed is known as
    A.thermodynamics.
    B. kinetic molecular theory.
    C. first law of matter and energy.
    D. law of conservation of energy.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Contrast matter and energy.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry

53. Which one of the following rows best represents a gas in relation to a solid or liquid of the same compound?

    A.Row 1
    B. Row 2
    C. Row 3
    D. Row 4

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: Describe the differences among liquids, solids, and gases.
Section: 02.05
Topic: Chemistry

 

54. Which one of the following is true with regard to the numbers of subatomic particles in an atom?
    A.The number of neutrons always equals the number of protons.
    B. The number of electrons always equals the number of neutrons.
    C. The atomic number always equals the number of protons.
    D. The atomic number always equals the number of neutrons.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

55. The fact that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion is known as the
    A.first law of thermodynamics.
    B. energy motion theory.
    C. kinetic molecular theory.
    D. first law of solids.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Describe the differences among liquids, solids, and gases.
Section: 02.01
Section: 02.05
Topic: Chemistry

56. The formulation Ca⁺⁺Cl₂, indicates
    A.covalent bonding between one calcium atom and two chlorine atoms.
    B. one calcium ion that has gained two electrons and formed ionic bonds with two chloride ions that have each lost one electron.
    C. one calcium atom with two protons and two chlorine atoms that share one electron.
    D. one calcium ion that has lost two electrons and formed ionic bonds with two chloride ions that have each gained one electron.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

 

57. One atomic mass unit (AMU) approximately equals the mass of one
    A.proton.
    B. electron.
    C. nucleus.
    D. proton plus the mass of one neutron.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

58. A bond in which the positive end of one polar molecule is attracted to the negative end of another polar molecule is a(n)
    A.covalent bond.
    B. ionic bond.
    C. electron bond.
    D. hydrogen bond.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

59. When a pencil falls from a tabletop to the floor
    A.kinetic energy is converted to potential energy.
    B. potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.
    C. energy is created.
    D. energy is destroyed.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.03
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry

 

60. The pH of a strong base is closest to
    A.2.
    B. 6.
    C. 9.
    D. 12.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

61. A neutral atom with an atomic number of 15 will have ____ electrons in its outermost energy level.
    A.3
    B. 5
    C. 8
    D. 15

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

62. Which one of the following represents the correct mass, location, and charge of a proton?

    A.Row 1
    B. Row 2
    C. Row 3
    D. Row 4

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

63. The higher the pH,
    A.the greater the hydroxide ion concentration.
    B. the more acidic the solution.
    C. the greater the hydrogen ion concentration.
    D. the lower the pH number.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

64. A difference between an acid and a base is that
    A.acids are harmful and bases are not.
    B. acids release hydroxide ions and bases release hydrogen ions.
    C. acids have a high pH value and bases have a low pH value.
    D. acids have a low pH value and bases have a high pH value.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

65. A magnesium ion contains twelve protons and ten electrons. A chloride ion contains seventeen protons and eighteen electrons. Given this information, the chemical formula for magnesium chloride is
    A.MgCl.
    B. Mg₂Cl.
    C. MgCl₂.
    D. Mg₂Cl₂.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Describe the information found in the periodic table of the elements.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

66. Which reaction below produces a salt?
    A.KOH + H₂O K⁺ + OH + H₂O
    B. HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O C₂H₃O₂ + H⁺ + H₂O
    C. HCl + NaOH NaCl + H₂O
    D. C₆H₁₂O₆ + C₆H₁₂O₆ C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂O

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

67. Fluorine has the atomic number 9. The correct notation for a flouride ion is
    A.F.
    B. F.
    C. F⁺.
    D. F⁺⁺.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

68. The energy level listed below with the most energetic electrons is
    A.1.
    B. 2.
    C. 3.
    D. None of these. All energy levels contain electrons of equal energy.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

69. An atom that contains 8 electrons in its outermost energy level is said to be
    A.inert.
    B. reactive.
    C. a cation.
    D. a molecule.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

70. Which of the following is monatomic?
    A.He
    B. H₂
    C. O₂
    D. N₂

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

Short Answer Questions

71. List and define two types of chemical bonds.

COVALENTattractive force between two atoms that share electrons
IONICattractive force between ions of opposite charge
HYDROGENattractive force between polar molecules

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

72. In which one of the following situations do the molecules have the greatest amount of energy?
    A.Ice in a Coke
    B. Cold tap water
    C. Water vapor
    D. Water condensed on your windshield

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Chemistry

73. If an atom has the atomic number 4 and the atomic mass 9.012 it will
    A.have 5 electrons.
    B. have 5 neutrons.
    C. have 9 electrons.
    D. weigh 13.012 atomic mass units.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Discriminate between atoms and elements; molecules and compounds.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

74. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules making up a substance is known as
    A.temperature.
    B. heat.
    C. potential.
    D. phase of matter.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.01
Section: 02.03
Topic: Chemistry

 

75. Which of the following would have the smallest number of hydrogen ions (H⁺)?
    A.A solution with the pH 2
    B. A solution with the pH 6
    C. A container of acetic acid (vinegar)
    D. A container of a strong base

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

76. In which one of the following situations do the molecules have the greatest attraction for one another?
    A.An ice cube
    B. Cold tap water
    C. Water vapor
    D. Water condensed on your windshield

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.03
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

77. If an atom has the atomic number 4 and the atomic mass 9.012 it will have ________ electrons in the first energy level.
    A.1
    B. 2
    C. 3
    D. 4

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Describe the information found in the periodic table of the elements.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

78. If an atom has the atomic number 11 and the atomic mass 22.99, it will have
    A.1 electron in the third energy level.
    B. 1 electron in the second energy level.
    C. 3 electrons in the fourth energy level.
    D. 1 electron in the first energy level.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Describe the information found in the periodic table of the elements.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

79. Which of the following would have the largest number of hydrogen ions (H⁺)?
    A.A solution with the pH 11
    B. A solution with the pH 8
    C. A container of acetic acid (vinegar)
    D. A container of a strong base

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

80. Which combination of elements is most likely to undergo a chemical reaction based on their positions in the Periodic Table of the Elements?
    A.Na and Cl
    B. Na and Mg
    C. F and Ne
    D. All would react.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Describe the information found in the periodic table of the elements.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

 

81. The lower the ___________, the slower the molecules are moving.
    A.density
    B. temperature
    C. potential energy
    D. gravity

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Summarize the difference between potential and kinetic energy.
Section: 02.03
Topic: Chemistry

82. The fact that the atomic weight of carbon is 12.0112 probably indicates that carbon atoms vary in the number of _______ they contain.
    A.electrons
    B. protons
    C. neutrons
    D. nuclei

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Describe how isotopes differ from one another.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

83. Human blood has a pH of about 7.4. If the pH should change to 7.0, this would indicate
    A.a decrease in pH.
    B. an increase in acidity.
    C. a change in electrolytes.
    D. All the choices are correct.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Work with the pH scale.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

 

84. When you sprinkle table salt on your food, the salt
    A.ionizes.
    B. dissociates.
    C. forms covalent bonds with the food.
    D. undergoes an acid-base reaction.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Explain how atoms stick together to form compounds.
Section: 02.06
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

85. The type of chemical bond that holds OH and H⁺ together is
    A.ionic.
    B. covalent.
    C. hydrogen.
    D. All the choices are correct.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

86. Which of the following is a base or alkaline material?
    A.NaOH
    B. HCl
    C. H₂SO₄
    D. NaCl

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

 

87. Which of the following is an acid?
    A.NaOH
    B. HOH
    C. H₂SO₄
    D. NaCl

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

88. Which of the following is a salt?
    A.NaOH
    B. HOH
    C. H₂SO₄
    D. MgCl₂

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

89. What is happening here? Water + NaCl Na⁺ + Cl
    A. A solution of ions is prepared.
    B. The dissociation of ions.
    C. Movement of an electron from the outermost energy level of Na to the outermost energy level of Cl.
    D. All the choices are true.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Understand the roles water plays in maintaining life.
Section: 02.07
Topic: Chemistry

 

90. Why is the following reaction considered to be dehydration synthesis? H-NH₃C₂O-OH + H-NH₃C₂O-OH H-NH₃C₂O- NH₃C₂O-OH + H-OH
    A.Water molecules are hidden in the products H-NH₃C₂O-NH₃C₂O-OH.
    B. This is the same reaction that occurs during digestion and water is required.
    C. Water molecules are formed as a result of the breakdown of H-NH₃C₂O-NH₃C₂O-OH.
    D. Water molecules are formed as a new, more complex end product is formed.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: List the five types of chemical reactions associated with all living things.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

91. Comparing reactants to end products in the following chemical reaction, which end product will gain energy? Adenosine-tri-phosphate + sugar adenosine-di-phosphate + sugar-mono-phosphate
    A.sugar-mono-phosphate
    B. adenosine-di-phosphate
    C. adenosine-tri-phosphate
    D. None of these choices is correct.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Learning Outcome: List the five types of chemical reactions associated with all living things.
Section: 02.08
Topic: Chemistry

92. Why is NaHCO₃ considered a base in the following reaction? NaHCO₃ + HCl NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O
    A.It contains hydrogen ions.
    B. It is a hydrogen ion acceptor.
    C. It donates hydroxide ions in this reaction.
    D. It results in the formation of CO_2.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

 

93. When electrons in a covalent bond are not equally shared, the molecule is said to be
    A.polar.
    B. nonpolar.
    C. lopsided.
    D. unable to form hydrogen bonds.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

94. Because this is happening Water + NaCl Na⁺ + Cl the solution formed is called
    A.ionic.
    B. an electrolyte.
    C. salty.
    D. All of the choices are true.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

95. These are mixtures of weak acids and the salts of weak acids that tend to maintain constant pH.
    A.buffers
    B. oxidants
    C. electrolytes
    D. soft drinks

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Identify compounds that are acids, bases, or salts.
Section: 02.09
Topic: Chemistry

 

96. When electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally, the molecule is said to be
    A.polar.
    B. nonpolar.
    C. lopsided.
    D. unable to form hydrogen bonds.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast chemical bonds and hydrogen bonds.
Section: 02.06
Topic: Chemistry

97. When this energy is reradiated as infrared radiation (heat), it is absorbed by these gases in the atmosphere.
    A.greenhouse.
    B. refrigerants.
    C. isotopes of oxygen.
    D. isotopes of hydrogen.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast matter and energy.
Section: 02.01
Section: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry

Chapter 04

Cell Structure and Function

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The difference between chromatin material and chromosomes is
   A.their structure.
   B. the kinds of atoms that they contain.
   C. where you find them.
   D. that one is a gas and the other is a liquid.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: List the typical organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

2. Antibiotics have ____ cells as their targets.
   A.animal
   B. eukaryotic
   C. fungus
   D. bacterial

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the differences in organelles found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.08
Topic: Cell Structure

3. One job of the nuclear membrane is to
   A.control entry to and exit from the nucleus.
   B. produce enzymes.
   C. digest chromosomes.
   D. contain excess water.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the typical organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

 

4. The endoplasmic reticulum
   A.functions in internal transport of macromolecules.
   B. carries on cellular respiration.
   C. is the site of photosynthesis.
   D. is dispersed nuclear material of DNA and protein.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the typical organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

5. The breakdown of which of the following leads to the self-destruction of the cell?
   A.polysome
   B. lysosome
   C. microsome
   D. centrosome

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: List the typical organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

6. A true cellular nucleus is found in
   A.bacteria.
   B. eukaryotic cells.
   C. blue-green algae.
   D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the differences in organelles found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Topic: Cell Structure

 

7. A storage container in a cell is generally called a(n)
   A.vacuole.
   B. endoplasmic reticulum.
   C. pinocyte.
   D. nucleus.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Learning Outcome: Diagram the generalized structure of all eukaryotic cells and label the parts.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

8. Pinocytosis would allow the intake of
   A.solid food.
   B. gas.
   C. molecules dissolved in water.
   D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the controlled methods by which materials can be transported through a cell membrane.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

9. Ribosomes are the site of
   A.cellular respiration.
   B. photosynthesis.
   C. anaerobic respiration.
   D. protein synthesis.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Learning Outcome: Diagram the generalized structure of all eukaryotic cells and label the parts.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

 

10. Stroma and grana are found in the
    A.chlorophyll.
    B. nucleus.
    C. chloroplast.
    D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

11. A membrane is NOT necessary in
    A.diffusion.
    B. phagocytosis.
    C. active transport.
    D. osmosis.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

12. Which of the following is NOT true of cell membranes?
    A.They are composed of four carbohydrate layers.
    B. They contain protein molecules.
    C. They regulate movement of some substances into and out of the cell.
    D. They contain phospholipids.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: List the components and molecular parts of a typical cell membrane.
Section: 04.03
Topic: Cell Structure

 

13. Chromatin material is
    A.one of six materials that make up a chromosome.
    B. really the same as a chromosome.
    C. one of the cytoplasmic organelles during the cells normal daily operation.
    D. not described by any of these statements.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

14. Normal cell functions of noneukaryotes are disrupted by
    A.enzymes.
    B. mitochondria.
    C. antibacterial antibiotics.
    D. cell walls.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: List the differences in organelles found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Section: 04.08
Topic: Cell Structure

15. Chromatin is
    A.immature nucleoplasm.
    B. a cytoplasmic organelle.
    C. the arrangement of proteins.
    D. uncoiled DNA of a chromosome.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

 

16. Which of the following is involved in the synthesis and packaging of certain molecules produced for secretion by a cell?
    A.cell granule
    B. Golgi apparatus
    C. flagella
    D. nucleolus

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

17. Which of the following organelles contains a green-colored pigment?
    A.lysosome
    B. mitochondria
    C. chloroplast
    D. leucoplastosome

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

18. Protoplasm is all the living material
    A.that makes up the contents of a cell.
    B. inside the cell membrane except the nucleus.
    C. inside the nucleus.
    D. inside the cell except the protein material.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Topic: Cell Structure

 

19. Eukaryotic cells are found in the group known as the
    A.fungi.
    B. plants.
    C. animals.
    D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Give examples of organisms composed of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Section: 04.08
Topic: Cell Structure

20. An outside source of energy (ATP) is required for
    A.osmosis.
    B. diffusion.
    C. active transport.
    D. None of these answers is true.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: List the controlled methods by which materials can be transported through a cell membrane.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

21. Cilia are different from flagella in that the cilia are
    A.shorter and more numerous.
    B. longer and more numerous.
    C. shorter and less numerous.
    D. larger and less numerous.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.05
Topic: Cell Structure

 

22. A carrier molecule is required for
    A.osmosis and active transport.
    B. active transport and facilitated diffusion.
    C. osmosis and diffusion.
    D. facilitated diffusion and endocytosis.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

23. Chromosomes are
    A.composed of DNA and lipid.
    B. found only in the cytoplasm.
    C. composed of DNA and carbohydrate.
    D. composed of DNA and protein.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

24. Which of the following lacks a cell wall?
    A.plant
    B. animal
    C. bacteria
    D. fungi

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Section: 04.08
Topic: Cell Structure

 

25. Nucleoplasm is (are)
    A.materials inside the nucleus.
    B. cytoplasm.
    C. nonliving protoplasm.
    D. the excessive amounts of particles located in the cytoplasmic region of the cell.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

26. The Golgi apparatus packages
    A.energy.
    B. hydrogen.
    C. waste.
    D. enzymes.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

27. The aerobic cellular respiration (release of energy from food) of carbohydrates occurs in the
    A.lysosome.
    B. mitochondrion.
    C. chloroplast.
    D. flagellum.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

 

28. Noneukaryotic cells lack
    A.granules.
    B. a nucleus.
    C. flagella.
    D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the differences in organelles found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Topic: Cell Structure

29. What structure stores waste produced in the cell?
    A.vacuole
    B. nucleus
    C. lysosome
    D. pinocytic vesicle

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

30. Molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration during
    A.osmosis.
    B. facilitated diffusion.
    C. diffusion.
    D. active transport.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Contrast diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

 

31. Long structures used for cell movement are
    A.centrioles.
    B. cilia.
    C. flagella.
    D. granules.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.05
Topic: Cell Structure

32. An energy-converting organelle is a
    A.stroma.
    B. chloroplast.
    C. granule.
    D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

33. Osmosis is the
    A.net movement of water across a differentially permeable membrane.
    B. diffusion of any molecule across a differentially permeable membrane.
    C. net movement of water from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
    D. movement of any molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Contrast diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

 

34. ____ is a cell engulfing large solid materials, and ____ is a cell engulfing materials dissolved in solution.
    A.Endocytosis; exocytosis
    B. Exocytosis; endocytosis
    C. Phagocytosis; pinocytosis
    D. Pinocytosis; phagocytosis

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: List the controlled methods by which materials can be transported through a cell membrane.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

35. The coiled DNA is found in
    A.chromosomes.
    B. centromeres.
    C. nucleoli.
    D. lysosome.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

36. Which of the following do NOT contain endoplasmic reticulum?
    A.noneukaryotes
    B. animal cells
    C. eukaryotic cells
    D. All of the choices are correct.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the differences in organelles found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Section: 04.04
Section: 04.08
Topic: Cell Structure

 

37. Which of the following structures is found inside the nuclear membrane?
    A.endoplasmic reticulum
    B. centriole
    C. cell membrane
    D. nucleolus

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

38. The MAIN components of a cell membrane are
    A.phospholipids and proteins.
    B. steroids and carbohydrates.
    C. nucleic acids and simple sugars.
    D. proteins and steroids.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the components and molecular parts of a typical cell membrane.
Section: 04.03
Topic: Cell Structure

39. Food (organic molecules such as glucose) is produced in the
    A.mitochondria.
    B. nucleolus.
    C. centriole.
    D. chloroplast.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.04
Topic: Cell Structure

 

40. Eukaryotic cells contain
    A.a nucleus.
    B. cell membranes.
    C. organelles.
    D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the differences in organelles found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.01
Section: 04.06
Section: 04.08
Topic: Cell Structure

41. The fluid material located outside of the nucleus is the
    A.vacuole.
    B. protoplasm.
    C. cytoplasm.
    D. nucleoplasm.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.06
Topic: Cell Structure

42. For diffusion to occur ____ is necessary.
    A.a concentration gradient
    B. a differentially permeable membrane
    C. temperature above 0C
    D. a carrier molecule

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

 

43. The direct intake of a liquid, such as oil, into a cell is called
    A.osmosis.
    B. phagocytosis.
    C. induction.
    D. pinocytosis.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: List the controlled methods by which materials can be transported through a cell membrane.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

44. Proteins are made at the
    A.nucleolus.
    B. ribosome.
    C. Golgi apparatus.
    D. grana.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.05
Topic: Cell Structure

45. ____ are NOT composed of microtubules.
    A.Cilia
    B. Flagella
    C. Chromosomes
    D. Centrioles

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.05
Topic: Cell Structure

 

46. Diffusion of water through a differentially permeable membrane is called
    A.active transport.
    B. energy.
    C. osmosis.
    D. All of these answers are true.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: Contrast diffusion, osmosis, and dialysis.
Section: 04.07
Topic: Cell Structure

47. ____ is/are associated with ribosomes.
    A.Cilia and flagella
    B. Golgi apparatus
    C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
    D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: Describe the function of each of the organelles associated with eukaryotic cells.
Section: 04.05
Topic: Cell Structure