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WITH ANSWERS
Therapeutic Modalities 4th Edition by Chad Starkey Test Bank
Chapter 6 Clinical Application of Thermal Modalities
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. At what skin temperature is maximum analgesia reached when applying a cold pack?
A. | 58F |
B. | 32F |
C. | 65F |
D. | 25F |
____ 2. Which technique commonly uses a layer of insulation without detriment to the therapeutic effects of the modality?
A. | Reusable cold pack |
B. | Plastic bag with crushed ice |
C. | Cold compression therapy unit |
D. | Chemical cold pack |
____ 3. At what temperature should reusable cold packs be stored when not in use?
A. | 12F |
B. | 1F |
C. | 32F |
D. | 25F |
____ 4. What modality carries the greatest risk of frostbite?
A. | Reusable cold pack |
B. | Plastic bag with crushed ice |
C. | Cold compression therapy unit |
D. | Chemical cold pack |
____ 5. According to the practical evidence, how should an ice pack be applied in order to obtain maximal intramuscular temperature decrease?
A. | With an elastic wrap |
B. | With flexible plastic wrap |
C. | Without any wrap |
D. | With a nonflexible plastic wrap |
____ 6. Intermittent application of ice packs is an effective method for what?
A. | Controlling pain |
B. | Increasing function |
C. | Decreasing swelling |
D. | Improving healing |
____ 7. Which is an accurate step in the general setup and application of a cold compression therapy unit?
A. | Add warm water to the fill mark |
B. | Fasten distal strap first and snuggly |
C. | Fasten proximal strap second and snuggly |
D. | Elevate the cooler to the level of the body part being treated |
____ 8. Ice massage can be an effective cold treatment in which injury?
A. | Gastrocnemius muscle spasm |
B. | Hamstring strain |
C. | Ankle ligament sprain |
D. | Fibular stress fracture |
____ 9. Which treatment is best suited for applying cold to injuries involving an irregular surface?
A. | Ice immersion |
B. | Reusable cold pack |
C. | Cold compression therapy unit |
D. | Chemical cold pack |
____ 10. What is the only true benefit from the use of a vapocoolant spray?
A. | Temporary pain relief |
B. | Decreased swelling |
C. | Decreased muscle spasm |
D. | Decreased cell metabolism |
____ 11. What are two current methods used for cryostretch?
A. | Ethyl chloride and ice massage |
B. | Ethyl chloride and ice immersion |
C. | Fluoromethane spray and ice immersion |
D. | Fluoromethane spray and ice massage |
____ 12. What type of whirlpool should be used when utilizing the technique for wound cleansing or debridement?
A. | Tile tub |
B. | Spa-type tub |
C. | Stainless sub |
D. | In-ground tub |
____ 13. In order to kill bacteria, what is an appropriate temperature for the water-filled heating unit of moist heat packs?
A. | 135F |
B. | 155F |
C. | 165F |
D. | 175F |
____ 14. How many layers of terry-cloth towel should be placed between the skin and moist heat pack?
A. | 3 |
B. | 6 |
C. | 9 |
D. | 12 |
____ 15. What is an indication for the use of fluidotherapy?
A. | Joint mobilization |
B. | Open wound healing |
C. | Sensory loss |
D. | Peripheral vascular disease |
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 1. Cold whirlpools are able to produce which effects? Select all that apply.
A. | Decreased muscle spasm |
B. | Decreased muscle spasticity |
C. | Muscle relaxation |
D. | Increased cellular metabolism |
E. | Increased blood flow to the area treated |
____ 2. What factors should be considered when determining the duration of cold pack treatment application? Select all that apply.
A. | Type of tissue being targeted |
B. | Depth of the target tissue |
C. | Amount of overlying adipose tissues |
D. | Nerves that innervate the target tissue |
E. | Amount of hair on the skin overlying the target tissue |
____ 3. When examining and cleaning a whirlpool, what should be completed annually? Select all that apply.
A. | Check the ground fault interrupter |
B. | Have whirlpool turbine inspected |
C. | Calibrate the tubs thermometer |
D. | Clean exterior surface of the tub |
E. | Disinfect the interior surface of the tub |
____ 4. Which of the following are contraindications to the use of cold packs? Select all that apply.
A. | Deep-vein thrombosis |
B. | Circulatory insufficiency |
C. | Neuralgia |
D. | CNS spasticity |
E. | Acute injury |
____ 5. Which of the following are indications for the use of a moist heat pack? Select all that apply.
A. | Acute injury |
B. | Subacute injury |
C. | Decreased range of motion |
D. | Hematoma reduction |
E. | Impaired circulation |
Chapter 6 Clinical Application of Thermal Modalities
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Chapter 7 Therapeutic Ultrasound
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. How large of a treatment area can be effectively exposed to ultrasonic energy?
A. | Slightly larger than the diameter of the sound head |
B. | Slightly smaller than the diameter of the sound head |
C. | Equivalent to the diameter of the sound head |
D. | Significantly larger than the diameter of the sound head |
____ 2. Due to its _________ frequencies, ultrasound is unable to pass through the air and requires a dense transmission medium.
A. | high |
B. | low |
C. | alternating |
D. | medium |
____ 3. Ultrasound is able to pass through both solid and liquid mediums because it travels as a _________ wave.
A. | longitudinal |
B. | perpendicular |
C. | parallel |
D. | short |
____ 4. Which output frequency will penetrate deeper into the tissue?
A. | 1 MHz |
B. | 2 MHz |
C. | 3 MHz |
D. | 1, 2, and 3 MHz all penetrate the same depth |
____ 5. Which is an accurate statement concerning the use of 3-MHz ultrasound?
A. | Used to treat deep tissues |
B. | Energy is rapidly absorbed by tissues |
C. | Heats 1/3 as fast as 1 MHz |
D. | Heating lasts longer than 1 MHz |
____ 6. Which describes the amount of energy passing through the sound heads effective radiating area?
A. | Spatial average intensity |
B. | Spatial average temporal peak intensity |
C. | Spatial average temporal average intensity |
D. | Spatial average peak-to-peak intensity |
____ 7. A beam nonuniformity ratio of greater than ______ is considered unacceptable and potentially harmful.
A. | 8:1 |
B. | 5:1 |
C. | 2:1 |
D. | 11:1 |
____ 8. The half layer value represents the depth where what percentage of ultrasonic energy has been absorbed?
A. | 25 percent |
B. | 50 percent |
C. | 75 percent |
D. | 100 percent |
____ 9. Ultrasound with continuous output produces energy 100 percent of the time. In what terms is the output measured?
A. | Spatial average intensity |
B. | Spatial average temporal peak intensity |
C. | Spatial average temporal average intensity |
D. | Spatial average peak-to-peak intensity |
____ 10. When using ultrasound, what depth of tissue will a 3-MHz output frequency effectively treat?
A. | 1 cm |
B. | 2 to 3 cm |
C. | 3 to 4 cm |
D. | 4 to 5 cm |
____ 11. When using ultrasound, how much does the target tissues temperature need to be increased in order to promote tissue elongation?
A. | 3.2F |
B. | 5.2F |
C. | 7.2F |
D. | 10F |
____ 12. What is believed to cause small openings in the stratum corneum and an increase in pore size?
A. | Cavitation |
B. | Attenuation |
C. | Piezoelectric crystals |
D. | Electropiezo effect |
____ 13. Which interface results in 99.9 percent of ultrasound energy being reflected?
A. | Soft tissueair |
B. | Soft tissuebone |
C. | Soft tissuefat |
D. | Watersoft tissue |
____ 14. What temperature increase is required to decrease muscle spasm and pain?
A. | 1C |
B. | 2 to 3C |
C. | 3 to 4C |
D. | 5C |
____ 15. When compared to traditional therapeutic ultrasound, which is an accurate statement about longwave ultrasound?
A. | Longwave ultrasound employs a longer wavelength, ranging between 20 and 40 MHz. |
B. | Longwave can produce bone-depth heating in the largest muscle masses. |
C. | Much like shortwave ultrasound, longwave also requires a transmission medium. |
D. | Longwave requires a larger output to reach therapeutic heating levels. |
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 1. Which tissues and structures are highly reflective of ultrasound energy? Select all that apply.
A. | Interface between soft tissue and bone |
B. | Musculotendinous junction |
C. | Intermuscular interfaces |
D. | Adipose tissue |
E. | Skin |
____ 2. Which ultrasound setups are considered nonthermal? Select all that apply.
A. | 25 percent duty cycle with an output intensity of 0.5 W/cm2 |
B. | 100 percent duty cycle with an output intensity of 0.3 W/cm2 |
C. | 25 percent duty cycle with an output intensity of 1 W/cm2 |
D. | 100 percent duty cycle with an output intensity of 1 W/cm2 |
E. | 50 percent duty cycle with an output intensity of 1.5 W/cm2 |
____ 3. Over which areas can ultrasound be applied when caution is used? Select all that apply.
A. | Vertebral column |
B. | Nerve roots |
C. | Large nerve plexus |
D. | Heart |
E. | Genitals |
____ 4. Which of the following represents a 1-MHz output frequency? Select all that apply.
A. | Divergent beam |
B. | Maximum heating rate of 0.36F per minute per W/cm2 |
C. | Penetration depth of 0.8 to 3 cm |
D. | Maximum heating rate of 1.1F per minute per W/cm2 |
E. | Collimated beam |
____ 5. Which medications commonly administered via phonophoresis target nerves, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues? Select all that apply.
A. | Hydrocortisone |
B. | Dexamethasone 0.4 percent |
C. | Myoflex |
D. | Lidocaine |
E. | Benzydamine |
Chapter 7 Therapeutic Ultrasound
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
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